SCIENCE & TECH: Board Games Never Die: Part Two, Games that Captivated the Ancient World

Patolli, a gambling game invented by the early inhabitants of Mesoamerica, where players raced to move pebbles from one end of a cross-shaped track to the other.

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Around 1900 BCE a city was built on Crete. Homer described it as a ‘great city… called Knossos on …a land called Crete, in the midst of the wine-dark sea, a fair, rich land begirt with water’. For years scholars believed it to be a myth because of the legend he related of the minotaur and the labyrinth: King Minos, a great sea-king and tyrant and overlord of the Aegean, built a navy to crush piracy in his seas while hiding a monster in a dark labyrinth under his palace. Hidden for shame, it being the progeny of his wife, Pasiphae, born half-man-half-bull because of her ardent passion for a bull.

Every seven years, seven youths and seven maidens from Athens were sacrificed to it in tribute or retribution for the killing of Minos’ son at the Olympic Games. On the third tribute, Prince Theseus, son of King Aegeus volunteered to be one of the youths intending to kill the minotaur. At Minos’ court, the king’s daughter, fair-haired Ariadne fell in love with Theseus as he stood in the group of doomed men and women.

That night, before they were led to the entrance of the labyrinth, she gave him a spool of thread with which he could retrace his stops and a short sword to hide in his tunic. Taking the lead, he killed the man-beast and escaped the maze. Ariadne and he, with the others, raced to board the Athenian ship. On his return, he forgot to change the black sails for white. King Aegus seeing the ‘black-winged ship’ for sorrow believing his son dead threw himself into the sea now called after him.

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